An Overview of Leadership Style Essay - 1356 Words

An overview of leadership style It is impossible to pinpoint precisely the time when interest in leadership styles emerged. However a set of experiments conducted by 3 social scientist in 1938 is a good time to begin. Kurt Lewin, Ronald Leppit, and Robert White used groups of children to study different approaches to exercising control. Their classic study identified three types of control: autocratic, democratic, and laissez faire. These three types of control came to be known as leadership styles. Lewin, Leppit, and White were cautious in the conclusions the drew from this study. They noted that autocratic leadership does get results and is preferred over democratic leadership. However they observed that autocratic leadership can create†¦show more content†¦The major idea to get from figure, or any other classification of leadership styles, is that each style can lead to different behavioral consequences. There are no implications in this figure that styles at the left and of the continuum are â€Å"better† than styles at the right end. The best styles depend on the criteria used to judge â€Å"best†. If group productivity is the criterion, any of the styles could be effective. If optimizing group freedom is the criterion, styles at the right end are better than styles at the left. If quickness in decision making is the criterion, styles that maximize leader authority usually are best. Thus, the value of leadership style must be evaluated in terms and de sired outcomes. Another important point can be seen in the figure. A leader’s behavior at anyone time falls somewhere on the continuum or within some range on it. This range may represent behavior that comes† naturally† to the leader. Even thought leaders may know that another type of behavior would be more appropriate, it does not follow that they simply can change their style behavior. Leaders acquire particular styles as a result of experience and training. They learn that their styles work for them for some occasions and do not work on others. Nevertheless, their styles are familiar to them, and they cannot be changed easily. In theory, the most appropriate leadership style is the mostShow MoreRelatedThe Teacher Leadership Compensation Model Essay1245 Words   |  5 Pageseducational leadership, including general theoretical concepts of effective leaders, trends in educational leadership, effective personal leadership traits of school leaders, and the Iowa Teacher Leadership Compensation model. First, this review provides a foundation by examining theoretical concepts in general leadership theories. It focuses on historical trends in general leadership as we as general personal leadership traits of effective leaders. Next, this review provides an overview of educationalRead MoreAn Analysis Of Servant Leadership Style1198 Words   |  5 PagesAn Analysis of Servant Leadership Business leaders operate in complex environments. Driving organizational effectiveness in the short term while leading the company towards the long-term strategy requires continual evaluation of short-term decisions against potential tradeoffs against the long-term strategy. While the top organizational decision makers typically decide long-term strategy; implementation of the strategy occurs throughout the entire organization (Rush, 2012). Given this, ensuringRead MoreLeadership Models And Organizational Culture852 Words   |  4 PagesLeadership Models Organizational Culture Cornelius Cash Grand Canyon University LDR804-Leading across Cultures September 7, 2016 Ethical Leadership Models Leaders that demonstrate a commitment to behaving in an ethical manner are viewed as trustworthy and subordinates gravitate toward them. Ethical leaders have a solid foundational belief in honesty and trustworthiness and disseminate these principles throughout the organization. This paper will present ethical leadership models asRead MoreSummary of My Leadership Style Essay1151 Words   |  5 PagesSummary of my leadership style Reflective practice is the best way for educators to search for ever-improved ways to facilitate student learning. Reflective practice also incorporates the belief that much resistance to change is rooted in the unexamined assumptions that shape habit. To create change, then, we must examine current practice carefully and develop a conscious awareness of these basic assumptions (Karen, 1991, Oesterman Kottkamp, 1993; Schà ¶n).Thus you must use reflective practicesRead MoreEffective Organizational Leadership during Downsizing1244 Words   |  5 PagesEffective Organizational Leadership during Times of Downsizing Introduction The past several decades have seen waves of downsizing, restructuring and business reengineering as companies of all sizes and types struggle to remain competitive in an increasingly competitive and globalized marketplace. During downsizing initiatives, companies not only lose the tacit knowledge of the terminated employees, they also run the risk of demoralizing the remaining staff who will naturally wonder if theyRead MoreThe Leader And Work Environment At The Crested Butte Community School1364 Words   |  6 Pagesleader exercising power carefully in the context of a specific situation. This essay will analyze the leader and work environment at the Crested Butte Community School and will map out the playing field for power and politics with this organization. Overview: The principal of this school oversees a staff of 150 teachers, instructors, educational coaches and administrative support from diverse backgrounds. Most major decisions are made at the district level. These include number of school days, breaksRead MoreThe Purpose Of This Essay Is To Identify And Explain Key1314 Words   |  6 PagesThe purpose of this essay is to identify and explain key learning overview and action plan paper will summarize what you have learned in this course and provide a power and politics action plan that you can use immediately in your business. Furthermore, it is the intention to highlight leadership style, organization stability, culture, and diversity of the workforce as well as identify the need for communication within an organization. The individual factors contributing to the political behaviorRead MoreThe Concept Of Multiculturalism And Diversity As An Agent Of Change1287 Words   |  6 Pagesof multiculturalism and diversity as an agent of change. To begin, this paper provides an overview of community building practices as stated by Kouzes Posner (2012). It identifies three different culture outside my country. Along the way, the paper uses contingency theory to identify a contemporary leader who has worked in a global context. Also, it provides an example of a cultural diverse. An overview of community building practices as stated in Kouzes and Posner Kouzes and Posner (2012) stateRead MorePersonal Leadership Philosophy Of Leadership929 Words   |  4 PagesI believe a personal leadership philosophy is developed through experiences as both a follower and a leader. Leadership skills are gained in many ways such as learning from the successful methods and mistakes of others, constructive criticism from followers and leader colleagues alike and remaining current in leadership literature. I have developed my theory based on personal encounters with positive and negative leadership experiences which include leading by example, listening and adapting to yourRead MoreLeadership Styles And Leadership Theories993 Words   |  4 Pagesregards to the other two leadership styles, I scored next highest in the delegate category and the least amount in the authoritative category. In this paper I will give a comprehensive overview of leadership styles and leadership management theories and how they relate to my style. Lastly, I will discuss my type of work environment, and three key actions or behaviors that I must demonstrate to be a successful leader. Alignment with management and leadership theories Leadership theories include trait

Factors Affecting Firm s Foreign Exchange Risk Hedging...

Factors Affecting Firm’s Foreign Exchange Risk Hedging Policy Abstract Mostly foreign currency derivatives are used for hedging foreign exchange rate risk caused by exchange rate adverse fluctuation. This study is aimed to determine different factors that affect the foreign currency derivatives usage. Secondary data of 112 non financial firms, taken from their annual reports and balance sheet analysis issued by State Bank of Pakistan, is used for analysis for the period 2008 to 2013. Mann Whitney U test was used to check differences in characteristics of foreign currency derivatives users and non-users. Results show that users of the foreign currency were categorized as to be those firms having higher liquidity, lower growth options, larger in size, lower leverage, higher managerial ownership, lower profitability and higher foreign exposure as compared to the non users of foreign currency derivatives. Logit regression model was used to investigate different factors affecting firm’s derivatives usage for hedging its foreign exchange risk. Results of the logit model illustrate that there is significantly positive relationship between firm size, liquidity, foreign exposure and managerial ownership. The results also show that corporations with higher liquidity, larger size, and larger managerial ownership are more likely to use foreign currency derivatives usage for hedging. Further results illustrate negative significant relationship between growth opportunities, leverageShow MoreRelatedForeign Exchange Exposure And Toyota2063 Words   |  9 PagesGERALD FERNANDO LAUAN 2013059085 VICTORIA 2013059087 Foreign Exchange Exposure and Toyota Globalization has allowed the integration of national economies into the international market, giving easier access to information, goods and services through trade around the world. The process has bolstered an increasing number of multinational companies in order to respond to competitiveness brought by globalization. A multinational company is either a company with operating units or subsidiaries in twoRead MoreThe Effects Of Global Finance Crisis On Brazil3361 Words   |  14 PagesFinance Crisis 2008-2009 on Brazil?s Economy While researching text written on the effects of global financial crisis 2008-2009 on Brazil?s economy, I found some financial analysts that had published documentations in reference to the impact on the Brazilian economy. These authors discussed in research papers, financial journals, newspapers, pamphlets, and brochures on how Brazil?s state and local-owned banks, international banks and its government and monetary policies reactions to the global financialRead MorePdf, Doc7196 Words   |  29 Pages129-146 EXCHANGE RATE RISK MEASUREMENT AND MANAGEMENT: ISSUES AND APPROACHES FOR FIRMS MICHAEL G. PAPAIOANNOU, Ph.D. International Monetary Fund Abstract Measuring and managing exchange rate risk exposure is important for reducing a ï ¬ rm’s vulnerabilities from major exchange rate movements, which could adversely aï ¬â‚¬ect proï ¬ t margins and the value of assets. This paper reviews the traditional types of exchange rate risk faced by ï ¬ rms, namely transaction, translation and economic risks, presentsRead MoreResearch on Foreign Exchange Risk Management13065 Words   |  53 PagesResearch Paper On Foreign Exchange Risk Management Submitted In Partial Fulfillment Of the Requirement Of Masters of Business Administration Table of Contents EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1 CHAPTER 1: PLANRead MoreForeign Exchange Risk Management14141 Words   |  57 PagesREVIEW 1 The survey of foreign currency risk awareness and management practices in Tanzania REVIEW OF LITERATURE Foreign exchange risk management Foreign currency exchange risk is the additional riskiness or varience of a firm’s cash flows that may be attributed to currency fluctuations (Giddy, 1977, Brigham and Ehrhardt, 2005). Normally, foreign currency risk exists in three forms; translation, transaction and economic exposures. Foreign currency risk management involves taking decisionsRead MoreHedging Currency Exposures in a Multinational Corporation26743 Words   |  107 PagesMASTER’S THESIS Financial theory offers several rationales for financial risk management. Hedging enables firms to maintain their access to internal funds as well as reduces the costs of financial distress. The theoretical framework offers, however, few tools for currency risk identification and for choosing a proper hedging instrument. This Thesis seeks to help firms manage risks better by defining the currency risk exposures of a multinational corporation, by describing their effects on theRead MoreExecutive Summary : Austral Pvt. Ltd Contracts With Import And Export Industry2528 Words   |  11 Pagesproduct in various part of globe. Dairy, fish, meat and seafood product are the product they trade with. The firm would have the greatest competitor risk in import and export business is the duplication and quality of goods. These competitors company advantage of the lower cost of expenses such as materials, Inventories and labour cost to produce the product to the same consumer market. Natural ris ks if they mentioned, then earthquakes, floods, landslides and storms were decrease consumer, delay the transportationRead MoreEnvironment For Fdi : An Ambitious Campaign1162 Words   |  5 Pageshundred smart cities in India (Kaur, J. 2016). The policies of the campaign are as follows: ï  ¶ New Initiatives: This policy strives to improve the ease of doing business in India by doing away with opaque procedures and also tries to speed up the process of implementation of protocols. The government has already implemented the availability of obtaining environmental clearances online, which would be invaluable to an energy firm (Kaur, J. 2016). ï  ¶ FDI: Out of the 25 sectors that the governmentRead MoreRunning Your Own Mnc4433 Words   |  18 PagesContents EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 2 CHAPTER 1: COMPANY PROFILE 3 CHAPTER 2: ASSESSMENT OF COUNTRY FACTORS 5 Factors Affecting Balance of Trade between United States and Maldives 5 Import Controls in Maldives 7 CHAPTER 3: USING THE FOREIGN EXCHANGE MARKET 8 The Spot Market 8 Analysis of USD/MVR Cross Rate for the Last 1 Month, 3 Months and Last Year 9 CHAPTER 4: USE OF FORWARDS AND FUTURES MARKET 11 Analysis of Future Price Vs Spot Rate 12 CHAPTER 5: USING CURRENCY OPTIONS 13 CHAPTERRead MoreInternational Business Competing in the Global Marketplace 8th Edition Charles W. L. Hill5106 Words   |  21 PagesThe Prentice Hall Series in Finance Alexander/Sharpe/Bailey Geisst Fundamentals of Investments Megginson Investment Banking in the Financial System Andersen Corporate Finance Theory Melvin Global Derivatives: A Strategic Risk Management Perspective Bear/Moldonado-Bear Gitman International Money and Finance Principles of Managerial Finance* Principles of Managerial Finance–– Brief Edition* Mishkin/Eakins Financial Markets and Institutions Free Markets

Steps To Reduce Greenhouse Gases Environmental Sciences Essay Free Essays

string(125) " scope of fuels which are in some manner derived from biomass and screens solid biomass, liquid fuels and assorted biogases\." 1. Fossil fuels have been the primary beginning of energy fuelling the planetary demands of power since long. Dependence on them chiefly stems from the fact that they are easy available, inexpensive and economical in transit every bit good as extraction. We will write a custom essay sample on Steps To Reduce Greenhouse Gases Environmental Sciences Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now Coal, Oil, Natural Gas have all been used since long and even been exported/imported between states keeping a balanced demand and supply. So much so that the usage of fossil fuels has been in trend for such long times that most of our engineering and equipment using them as fuels are designed consequently. The biggest drawback of our dependance on fossil fuels is the release of CO2 into the ambiance thereby taking to planetary heating as besides the fact that it is a non-renewable beginning and will sooner or subsequently exhaust taking to a nothingness. Effectss of Fossil Fuel on Environment Renewable Energy Resources 3. In contrary to fossil fuels, renewable energies are reversible in nature and can invariably be replenished without the fright of being drained out of our environment. Wind, Solar, Hydro A ; such like signifiers of renewable energy will maintain on supplying electricity without any idea of them being blown off from our planet. Such energies which can travel on to maintain bring forthing electricity without cut downing beginning energy itself are renewable energy. Wind Energy 4. Wind engineering has become really dependable, runing with handinesss of more than 98 % and holding a design life of 20 old ages or more. Furthermore, as the costs of air current turbines have steadily declined, proficient dependability has increased. The factors that presently limit wind energy ‘s market incursion include variableness, public credence and grid dependability. However, recent developments in electricity market reform, which promote better grid integrating and improved direction of natural rhythms of renewables, decrease the technological barriers that have constrained market incursion. In the country of air current energy, continued R A ; D is indispensable to supply the necessary decreases in cost and uncertainness to gain the awaited degree of deployment. Other R A ; D precedences include increasing the value of calculating power public presentation, cut downing uncertainnesss related to technology unity, betterment and proof of criterions, cut downing th e cost of storage techniques, enabling large-scale usage, and understating environmental impacts. Further enlargement of air current power will advance important decreases in nursery gases. With farther deployment support, wind power may go by and large competitory with conventional engineerings by 2015-20 and off-shore air current will probably go competitory to a grade after that. Solar 5. Solar energy is already being widely used in certain states, whether it be for hot H2O production, warming, illuming and other power demands. The photovoltaic ( PV ) market has grown extensively since 1992. R A ; D attempts, together with market deployment policies, have efficaciously produced impressive cost decreases nevertheless market deployment is concentrated with Japan, Germany and the United States accounting for over 85 % of entire installed capacity. However, PV still has a batch of range for R A ; D with focal point on bettering the balance-of-system constituents for both grid connected and stand-alone applications. Even with these supports, PV is non expected to be by and large competitory until after 2020 – although it will go on to vie good in a turning scope of market niches in which the cost of deployment supports is moderate. Hydro 6. One of the biggest advantages of a hydroelectric composite is that the undertaking produces no direct waste, and has a well lower end product degree of the nursery gas, C dioxide ( CO2 ) , than fossil fuel powered energy workss. Worldwide, an installed capacity of 777 GWe supplied 2998 TWh of hydroelectricity in 2006 which was about 20 % of the universe ‘s electricity, and accounted for about 88 % of electricity from renewable beginnings. It is an highly flexible engineering from the position of power grid operation supplying one of the lowest cost options in today ‘s energy market, chiefly because most workss were built many old ages ago and their installation costs have been to the full amortised. Once the high up-front capital costs are written off, workss can supply power at even lower cost degrees, as such systems normally operate without major replacing costs for 50 old ages or more. The ground why globally merely approximately 5 % of the hydropower potency have been exploited through little graduated table sites is due to entree to transmittal systems, environmental and societal concerns. Biomass 7. Biomass stuffs have been used since millenary for run intoing countless human needs including energy with its chief beginnings being trees, harvests and carnal waste. Until the center of 19th century, biomass dominated the planetary energy supply with 70 % part. Soon, the biomass beginnings contribute 14 % of planetary energy and 38 % of energy in developing states. Globally, the energy content of biomass residues in agribusiness based industries yearly is estimated at 56 exajoules, about a one-fourth of planetary primary energy usage of 230 exajoules. Biomass burning for heat and power is a to the full mature engineering offering both an economic fuel option and a ready disposal mechanism of municipal, agricultural and industrial organic wastes. 8. However, the industry has remained comparatively dead over the last decennary, even though demand for biomass ( largely wood ) continues to turn in many developing states. One of the jobs of biomass is that stuff straight combusted in cook ranges produces pollutants, taking to terrible wellness and environmental effects, although improved cook range programmes are relieving some of these effects. A 2nd issue is that firing biomass emits CO2, even though biomass burning is by and large considered to be â€Å" carbon-neutral † because C is absorbed by works stuff during its growing, therefore making a C rhythm. First-generation biomass engineerings can be economically competitory, but may still necessitate deployment support to get the better of public credence and small-scale issues. Biofuels 9. Biofuels are a broad scope of fuels which are in some manner derived from biomass and screens solid biomass, liquid fuels and assorted biogases. You read "Steps To Reduce Greenhouse Gases Environmental Sciences Essay" in category "Essay examples" They are deriving increased public and scientific attending, driven by factors such as oil monetary value spikes, the demand for increased energy security, and concern over nursery gas emanations from fossil fuels. Bioethanol is an intoxicant made by fermenting the sugar constituents of works stuffs and is made largely from sugar and amylum harvests. Biofuels provided 1.8 % of the universe ‘s conveyance fuel in 2008 while investing into its production capacity exceeded $ 4 billion worldwide in 2007 and is growing.More modern signifiers of bio energy include biomass-based power and heat coevals, co-firing, bio fuels for conveyance and short rotary motion harvests for energy feedstock. These are more advanced and each has its ain alon e benefits. 10. Biomass is attractive for usage either as a stand-alone fuel or in fuel blends, such as co-firing wood with coal, or blending ethyl alcohol or biodiesel with conventional petroleum-based fuels. Anaerobic digestion has strong potency in states with ample resources. Electricity generated from biomass is based on steam turbine engineering. Many parts of the universe still have big untapped supplies of biomass residues, which could be converted into competitively priced electricity utilizing steam turbine power workss. Co-firing is a low-priced and low-risk manner of adding biomass capacity. Co-firing systems that use low-priced biomass supply can hold payback periods every bit abruptly as two old ages. 11. In add-on, biomass can replace up to 15 % of the entire energy input in a power works, frequently with few alterations other than the burner and feed consumption systems. Co-firing is of peculiar involvement in developing states, because it improves the economic and ecological quality of many older, coal fired power workss. Bio fuels from agricultural biomass production are another well-developed transition engineering. Biomass grown every bit dedicated energy harvests can supply new economic chances for husbandmans and forest proprietors. The primary barriers to increased usage of biomass on a larger graduated table are the cost of systems required for dedicated feedstock production, harvest home, and transit, every bit good as the fuel transition engineerings. With farther R A ; D and deployment support in 2020-30, these engineerings could accomplish commercialization. Geothermal 12. Geothermal energy is a clean and sustainable energy that comes from resources runing from shallow land to hot H2O and hot stone found a few stat mis beneath the Earth ‘s surface, and down even deeper to the highly high temperatures of molten stone called magma. Geothermal heat pumps can tap into this resource to heat and cool edifices. These power workss are capable of runing 24Ãâ€"7 and globally there is a possible for bring forthing about 85 GW of power over the following 30 old ages. However, the restriction to tapping this resource is the handiness which is limited to merely few countries of the universe, the largest being the United States, Central America, Indonesia, East Africa and the Philippines. Challenges to spread outing geothermic energy include really long undertaking development times, and the hazard and cost of explorative boring. Action Plan to Reduce Dependence on Fossil Fuel 13. Solar Energy. This beginning is seen to hold the highest potency for the hereafter amongst assorted renewable energy beginnings. Some steps for working this rich resource are: – ( a ) Make solar warmers compulsory, through edifice byelaws and incorporation in the National Building Code. ( B ) Ensure the debut of effectual mechanisms for enfranchisement and evaluation of makers of solar thermal applications ( degree Celsius ) Facilitate measuring and publicity of these single devices through local bureaus and power public-service corporations. ( vitamin D ) Support the upgrading of engineerings and fabrication capacities through soft loans, to accomplish higher efficiencies and farther cost decrease. ( vitamin E ) Make installing of solar panels on the roofs of new edifices compulsory to obtain portion of the power demands through it. ( degree Fahrenheit ) Set up autochthonal fabrication capacity. ( g ) Promote off-grid applications so that power coevals is at the ingestion point itself and therefore does away with land and environment related concerns. 14. Wind. Although all sectors of renewable energy are being developed, weave power programme has been the fastest growth. The undermentioned enterprises will help in to the full working the air current potency: – ( a ) Projects under the Clean Development Mechanism ( CDM ) supply a farther inducement to weave energy development. ( B ) A consistent national renewable energy policy to to the full recognize the air current energy potency. ( degree Celsius ) Though Renewable Portfolio Standard ( RPS ) and FiT ( Feed in Tariffs ) can co-exist in theory, they need to be good managed to avoid inefficiencies. ( vitamin D ) Set up air current farms at off shore locations and along the seashore line. ( vitamin E ) Promote R A ; D in this field with investings from developed states to help companies like Suzlon who are already planetary leaders. 15. Hydroelectricity. Harnessing H2O as a resource to bring forth power has been employed globally and a reasonably high grade of success has been achieved, nevertheless the undermentioned enterprises will impart farther impulse to the attempts: – ( a ) Undertake little micro hydel undertakings for rural electrification tapping into minor H2O resources at distant topographic points. ( B ) Streamline clearance processs, to include understating the clip rhythm for countenances of undertakings with particular accent on hastening environmental clearances, as besides on rehabilitation and relocation issues. ( vitamin D ) Though the populace sector has played a major and about sole function in developing hydropower in private owned independent power manufacturer ( IPP ) manner is still to catch on. The chief intent should be to bring forth assurance in prospective entrepreneurs/developers and offer footings and conditions, which will be attractive and cover undue hazards, without endangering consumer involvements. 16. However, on the whole to make maximal possible and hike the necessary investing in renewable energy, it is indispensable to present clear, stable and long-run support policies, carefully designed to guarantee that they operate in harmoniousness with bing apparatus. How to cite Steps To Reduce Greenhouse Gases Environmental Sciences Essay, Essay examples